Re: Questions for the Abdominal Wall

Comments:
: : Questions for the Abdominal Wall : : These questions were not submitted by the lecturer. : : True/False - August 23, 2011 (selection limited by earthquake) : Please do not take these answers as gospel truth. I am quite confident there are mistakes, but they are done to the best of my knowledge and with the help of Gray's. : : 1. The paraumbilical veins communicate with lateral thoracic vein and, thus, contribute to a portacaval shunt. : F?- they contribute to a portacaval anastomosis - portacaval shunt is in the liver : : 2. The superficial epigastric vein has a communicating branch to the lateral thoracic vein known as the thoracoepigastric vein. : T : : 3. Scarpa's fascia extends are far inferior as the thigh. : T- it extends as much as 1" below the inguinal ligament over the thigh : : 4. The thoracoepigastic vein resides deep to Scarpa's fascia but superficial to deep fascia. : F- superficial to both- lies within Camper's fascia? : : 5. The umbilicus A/P projection is to the T10 vertebra and the cutaneous innervation is by the L3 spinal nerve. : F- the A/P projection is L3 (Netter's shows L4), and the cutaneous innervation is T10 : : 6. The transversus abdominis muscle contributes to the same fascial plane as the innermost intercostal muscles. : T- deep to transversus abdominis is transversalis fascia (like endothoracic fascia) : : 7. The arcuate line is a feature of the anterior lamina of the rectus sheath that occurs 3/4 of the way inferior along the sheath. : F- It is a feature of the posterior rectus sheath where fibers from the posterior lamina of the internal oblique muscle and the transversus abdominus muscle begin to traverse anterior to rectus abdominus. The posterior lamina of the rectus sheath essentially terminates and transitions into transversalis fascia. I think it does occur 3/4 of the way inferior along the sheath. : : 8. The aponeurosis of the internal oblique, inferior to the arcuate line, has two lamina that contribute to the anterior and posterior walls of the rectus sheath. : F- the two lamina exist superior to the arcuate line : : 9. The internal oblique takes origin, in part, from the lateral 2/3 of the linea alba. : F- from the lateral 2/3 of the inguinal ligament : : 10. The transversus abdominis takes origin, in part, from the later 1/3 of the linea alba. : F- from the lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament : : 11. The inferior epigastric artery enters the rectus sheath at a location inferior to the arcuate line. : F- since the inferior epigastric artery travels deep to the rectus abdominis, it cannot enter the rectus sheath inferior to the arcuate line, as there is no posterior rectus sheath inferior to the arcuate line. : : 12. Stability of the vertebral column is enhanced by well toned abdominal oblique muscles due to increased intraabdominal pressure. : T?- The external obliques maintain abdominal tone via intraabdominal pressure and can laterally flex the trunk against resistance- both of these seem to increase vertebral stability. : : 13. The transversalis fascia lines the internal surface of the transversus abdominis muscle and is limited by the attachments of transversus abdominis. : F- in the inguinal region it is "augmented" by the transversus abdominis attachments (aponeurosis). Gray's p. 1060 : : 14. The rectus abdominis, inferior to the arcuate line, rests directly on transversalis fascia. : T : : 15. The superficial epigastric artery is a branch of the femoral artery. : T

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