Re: True/False Questions for the Abdominal Wall - Part 1

Comments:
: : : True/False Questions for the Abdominal Wall : : : These questions were not submitted by the lecturer. : : : True/False - September 1, 2011 : : 1. New Yorkers are overrepresented as retirees in Florida. : : Depends upon the population or subpopulation at which one is looking. In most cases, yes. : Agree. I recommend interpreting our lecture notes for this one. I was assessing the stability of my netbook when writing the question. : : 2. The psoas major muscle covers the intervertebral foramina of the lumbar region. : : T : Agree. The lumbar plexus is within the psoas major. In fact, excessive numbers of sit-ups may hypertrophy the psoas major to the point of causing weakness. Irony. : : 3. The transversalis fascia is derived from endocavital connective tissue of the peritoneal cavity. : : F - from the extraperitoneal connective tissue? Or are these the same thing... : True. A specialization of endocavital fascia. Not from the the transversus abdominis. : : 4. The renal fascia is derived from parietal peritoneum as it reflects off the posterior surface of the kidney. : : F - derived from extraperitoneal connective tissue : Agree. Plus, there are no peritoneal reflections off the kidney. : : 5. The renal fascia intervenes between the the kidney and the suprarenal gland and does not extend to cover the superior border of the suprarenal gland. : : F : Agree. It does intervene though. : : 6. The inferior pole of the kidney is supported by the inferior extent of the renal fascia. : : F : Agree. Do ride an overly stiff suspension unless you are on the track. : : 7. The pararenal fat is between the capsule of the kidney and the renal fascia. : : T : False. This would be perirenal fat. : : 8. The perirenal fat lies between the peritonealized surface of the kidney and the renal capsule. : : F - the surface of the kidney is not peritonealized : Agree. : : 9. The pararenal fat, renal fascia, and perirenal fat are all derivatives of extraperitoneal connective tissue. : : T? : Agree. : : 10. The posterior wall of the left kidney, but not the right kidney, is directly related to the left colic flexure. : : T : Agree. : : 11. The posterior wall of the left kidney, but not the right kidney, is directly related to the 11th rib. : : T : Agree. Remember that the liver is a bully. : : 12. The superior poles of the left and right kidneys extend superior to the inferior extent of the costodiaphragmatic recess. : : T : Agree. : : 13. The left renal artery, but not the left, crosses the inferior vena cava. : : ??? The left renal artery does not cross the IVC. The right renal artery does. : False. Poorly worded. : : 14. Inferior mesenteric syndrome leads to a swollen right scrotal sac. : : F - "nutcracker" syndrome, and left scrotal sac : Agree. Superior mesenteric syndrome is a case of the nutcracker. : : 15. The fibrous capsule of the kidney is derived from Scarpa's fascia. : : F - extraperitoneal connective tissue? : Agree. Certainly not Scarpa's. I doubt it is derived from ECT either. Embryo time. : : 16. The renal columns are named parts of the renal cortex. : : T : Agree. : : 17. The renal pyramids were so named for the Greek God - Luther Henry. : : F - Who was Luther Henry? The renal pyramids are also called malpighian pyramids after one of the great Italian anatomists - Marcello Malpighi. : My notes were messy. How about Loops Henle? Odd first name though. I wonder if Marcello could make pesto. : : 18. Swelling of the renal pelvis is accommodated by pararenal fascia. : : F? - either renal fascia or perirenal fat, but not pararenal fascia. I'm not sure what "accomodated" means here. The renal fascia would contain the swelling, but anything in the pelvis (perirenal fat) would be shifted around by it. : Agree. Perirenal fascia/fat : : 19. The medullary rays converge at a renal papilla. : : T : Agree. : : 20. The renal papillae drain directly into the major calyces. : : F - minor calices : Agree. : : 21. The renal pelvis is deep to the renal artery. : : T : Agree. Know, however, that the renal artery bifurcates in a way that may obfuscate this relationship. : : 22. The renal sinus is occupied by the renal pelvis and the pararenal fascia. : : F - renal pelvis and perirenal fat : Agree. : : 23. The medullary rays are found in the medulla of the suprarenal gland. : : F - the medulla of the renal parenchyma : Agree. : : 24. The right suprarenal gland, but not the left, is directly related to the inferior vena cava. : : T : Agree. : : 25. The medial surface of the left suprarenal gland is directly related to the aorta. : : F : True. : : 26. The inferior suprarenal artery of the left suprarenal gland is one of a paired artery arising from the aorta. : : F : Agree. : : 27. The central vein of the right suprarenal gland drains into the left renal vein. : : F - usually it drains right into the IVC : Agree. : : 28. Within the "nutcracker," the left renal vein is superior to the horizontal duodenum. : : T : Agree. A class mate has asked if a distended duodenum could evoke the renal/testicular symptoms of superior mesenteric syndrome. Doubtful based on the relationships withing the nutcracker. Plus, the duodenum can displace inferior. An aneuryismal SMA has nowhere to go other than to crack the nut. : : 29. Superior mesenteric syndrome may present with "flank" pain, nausea, and right scrotal swelling. : : F - these symptoms are indicative of nutcracker syndrome, which is different from superior mesenteric syndrome, although both involve the angle between the SMA and aorta : True. I am not buying the Wikipedia account of this. It is an obstructive condition regardless of how the nuts get cracked. Aneurysm of the SMA is one way. Aneurysm of the aorta is another. Angle of the SMA is another. How the Wikipedia author concludes that they are "distinctly" different syndromes escapes me. Nothing in the writing of the distinction is distinguishing. Nevertheless, duly noted. : : 30. The superior and inferior anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries anastomose along the duodenum. : : T : Agree. : : 31. The most distal extent along the alimentary canal where inhibition of peristalsis is driven by the celiac ganglion is along the second and third part of the duodenum. : : T : Agree. : : 32. The most distal extent along the alimentary canal where inhibition of peristalsis is driven by the superior mesenteric ganglion is along the right transverse colon. : : T : Agree.

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