Posted by lae2 on August 17, 2011 at 14:37:00:
Questions for the Lungs and Anterior/Middle Mediastinum
These questions were not submitted by the lecturer.
True/False Questions - August 17, 2011
1. The trachea bifurcates into secondary main bronchi on the posterior surface of the second thoracic vertebra.
2. The right main bronchus is more vertical than the left main bronchus owing to the positioning of the heart.
3. The oblique fissure of the right lung has surface projections to T3 T5 6th rib.
4. The horizontal fissure of the right lung has surface projections to T4 and to rib 4.
5. In general, the A/P topography is artery, vein, bronchi for the lungs.
6. Cradled by the leaflets of the pulmonary ligament at the inferior extent is a pulmonary vein.
7. The arch of the azygos vein is impressed upon the left lung.
8. Primary bronchi define the bronchopulmonary segments.
9. The second order bronchus, pulmonary vein, and lung tissue define a bronchopulmonary segment.
10. The bronchial arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
11. The pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart.
12. The lungs are said to follow expansion of the thoracic wall by the properties of surface tension.
13. Air rushing into the thoracic cavity, but not the pleural cavity, leads to pneumothorax.
14. The costotranverse joints of the upper ribs are cup shaped and the constotransverse joints of the lower ribs are p lanar.
15. The true ribs articulate DIRECTLY with the sternum.
16. The movement of the upper six ribs is similar to the movements of a pump handle with the sternum being the pump handle.
17. During inspiration the lower ribs slide laterally at the costotransverse joint.
18. The vertical movement of thoracic expansion is mediated by the diaphragm.
19. The vertical movement of thoracic expansion is limited by pregnancy.
20. A costovertebral joint includes two vertebral bodies, an intervertebral disc, and the head of a rib.
21. The costochondral joint is fibrous and the sternochondral joint is synovial.
22. The lingula is a tongue like projection of the upper lobe of the right lung that lies immediately deep to the sternochondral joint of the right 6th rib.
True/False - August 18, 2010
1. The level of the T4 vertebra marks the location of the tracheal bifurcation.
2. The deviation of the heart to left side provides a mneumonic for knowing that the left bronchus is longer and more transverse than the right bronchus.
3. The horizontal fissure is unique to the left lung.
4. The lingula provides the inferior border of the cardiac notch.
5. Posteriorly, the oblique fissure is at the level of T3 vertebra, mid-axillary at 5th rib, mid-clavicular at 6th rib.
6. Horizontal fissure marks the 7th rib.
7. The hilum of the lung is cradles by the suprapleural membrane.
8. The pulmonary ligament is formed by pleural reflections beginning at the hilum of the lung and extending inferior toward the diaphragmatic surface.
9. The segmental bronchi are known as tertiary bronchi.
10. Each bronchopulmonary segment has a segmental pulmonary artery and a lobar bronchus.
11. Lung tissue proper is not perfused by either the pulmonary artery or vein.
12. The upper 7 ribs mediate an increase in the anterior/posterior dimension of the thorax on inspiration.
13. The lower 5 ribs mediate an increase in the transverse dimension of the thorax on inspiration.
14. The pump handle movement of respiration refers the movements of the sternum whereas the bucket handle movement refers to movements of the costal margin.
15. The vertical dimension of the thorax increases when the diaphragm contracts.
16. The costotransverse joints allow rotation (cup shaped) for the upper 7 ribs and sliding (planar) for the lower 5 ribs.
17. The costochondral and sternochondral joints participate in the movements of respiration.
18. The lungs receive oxygenated blood from the pulmonary arteries
19. Relaxed breathing is primarily mediated by the upper 7 ribs.
20. Cup shaped articulations of the costotransverse joint permit transverse movement of the lower ribs.
21. The arterial supply to the left lung is derived directly from the aortic arch