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Head and Neck Examination Short Answers Part 3 - 2008

Superior cervical sympathetic trunk ganglion

  • fusiform about 1.5" long
  • located in the "danger" space (prevertebral space), if they insist on retropharyngeal let it go because Netter mucks this up
  • posterior - anterior surface of longus coli and capitus
  • anterior - glossopharyngeal, vagus, and spinal accessory nerves, internal jugular vein, internal carotid artery
  • superior - carotid canal and internal carotid artery
  • inferior -
  • medial -
  • lateral -
  • preganglionics at intermediolateral cell columns T1-4
  • postganglionics give rise to the internal and external carotid nerves
  • internal carotid nerve - internal carotid arterial plexus, oribit, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses, plus
  • external carotid nerve - external carotid arterial plexus, otic ganglion and parotid gland, submandibular ganglion and submandibular/sublingual/lingual glands, face
  • Horner's syndrome and symptoms - flushing, anhydrosus, warmth to touch, nasal congestion, nasal drip, constricted pupil, red eye (conjuctival injection), excessive tearing

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Tensor veli palatini

  • origin from scaphoid fossa at base of medial pterygoid plate
  • tendon hooks around the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate
  • inserts on aponeuorosis of other side, thus a digastric muscle
  • raises the soft palate, especially during swallowing
  • deforms the cartilaginous auditory tube and may contribute to equalizing pressure in the middle ear and mastoid air cells
  • innnervation by mandibular division of trigeminal

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Arytenoid Cartilage

  • sits on superior posterior surface of cricoid cartilage
  • vocal process - vocal cord
  • muscular process - lateral (adduct) and posterior (abduct) cricoarytenoid muscles
  • pivots to abduct and adduct the true vocal cords
  • interarytenoideus muscle
  • attachment of aryepiglottic fold and quadrangular membrane (check Gray's on this)

Mastoid air cells

  • Deep to mastoid process
  • Bony border with sigmoid sinus at posterior inferior wall
  • Medial wall related to semicircular canals
  • Antrum - big cell
  • Communicates with middle ear by way of the aditus and then to the nasopharynx by way of the auditory tube

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Comments

 

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-- LorenEvey - 26 Oct 2008

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Topic revision: r1 - 27 Oct 2008, UnknownUser
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